Image File Formats

How pictures are stored — JPEG, PNG, WebP, GIF, TIFF, and raw, plus lossy and lossless compression and the trade-offs between size and quality.

The photo-editing numbers, made simple — free calculators for image resizing, aspect ratios, DPI and print size, megapixels, file size, and aspect-ratio cropping, plus plain-English guides to resolution, file formats, color, and the basics of editing software.

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Every museum entry, image, and fact is drawn from Wikipedia and Wikimedia Commons, used under public-domain and Creative Commons licenses. No content is AI-generated.

Image File Formats

JPEG

PNG

WebP

Image compression

Compression artifact

Exif

JPEG 2000

Thumbnail